This article describes the use of confocal microscopy for special sites and unconventional applications. These new applications have been made possible thanks to the introduction on the market of a hand-held camera. Special sites discussed include mucosa, nails, and palms and soles. Special uses discussed include infections and infestations; tumor mapping; understanding clinical, dermoscopic, and histology features; videos and ex vivo confocal microscopy.

Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

KEYWORDS: Infection; Microcirculation; Mucosa; Nail; Parasites; Reflectance confocal microscopy; Special sites; Tumor

PMID:27692453 DOI:10.1016/j.det.2016.05.010